In a world of technology, Chips make the difference
The world we live in today is of a vast difference from that of two decades ago. Tech has evolved the way we as humans now interact, socialise and live. With such advancements, we crave more and more improvements in connectivity, efficiency, and productivity. To quell such demand tech advancements and heavy spending in R&D has been monstrous.
The S&P500 is an index, a collection of the 500 largest companies on the stock market and new technological advances even allow for real-time market sentiment monitoring platforms such as Stockgeist.ai. The long-term trend of the S&P becoming dominated by tech is shown clearly in the table, however, the virus has accelerated such a move. Currently, the five largest tech companies now make up 17.5% of the S&P 500. [1]
The S&P500 is an index, a collection of the 500 largest companies on the stock market and new technological advances even allow for real-time market sentiment monitoring platforms such as Stockgeist.ai. The long-term trend of the S&P becoming dominated by tech is shown clearly in the table, however, the virus has accelerated such a move. Currently, the five largest tech companies now make up 17.5% of the S&P 500. [1]
We have seen the virus exaggerate future social conditions with the isolation and quarantine periods giving us a glimpse of the personal socially retractive society that may be more so of a reality in time to come. Hence, we have seen the rise of social media apps, contactless payments and other forms of quarantine conducive products and companies.
What is a Semi-Conductor?
This is where semiconductors colloquially phrased Chips come into it all. The very foundation of active tech hardware requires chips to function. Computerized products are reliant on chips.
Today, most semiconductor chips are created with silicon. Hence, the expressions like “Silicon Valley”, any electronic device has silicon at its heart. [3]
Chips in layman terms are the brain of a computerised system which processes the information that a user requests. Thus, being in a convex tech society, the applications for Chips are ever-growing and expanding. Industries that adopt Semi-conductors range from Healthcare to High-performance computing. Such a wide array of applications solidifies the growth of the chip industry, as it is a supplier and complementary product to any technological advancement or implementation.
As stated, Chips are fundamental to the devices we use, thus as our usage of tech grows it becomes ingrained into everyday life, Chips role in society will in tandem increase. Here, we look at a few of the industries in which chips are instrumental and are big revenue drivers for Chip companies.
Transport – Electric Vehicles
The Electric vehicles industry is at the forefront of ESG. Developed economies are encouraging the adaptation of e-vehicles through R&D subsidies, and disincentivizing diesel cars and other non-electric vehicles through taxation.
If infrastructure such as charging ports are built, and e-vehicles are made affordable, the growth potential of the industry is ginormous. This can be seen already with the rise of Tesla, who in addition to their extensive brand recognition, their intensive innovation looks to soon bring an affordable e-vehicle to market.
Chips are required for e-vehicles but also crucial in autonomous vehicles – a hot topic. Chips can ongoingly collect vital data for building a robust autonomous driving training library. Safe self-driving cars require vast amounts of collected and organised data. Hence, the tech implementation of vehicles brings a rise in Chip demand. [4]
Gaming
The video gaming industry is a growing space and a consistent revenue stream for chipmakers. A fruitful industry with constant advancements in gaming consoles, evident through the latest PS5 and Xbox Series X releases, and games to play. Such growth looks to continue, with 75% of Americans having at least one video games console player in their house, a growing number. [5]
Chip Makers exposure in the gaming industry is multi-faceted. Chipmakers provide processors for games consoles, as well as providing graphics cards. Graphics cards are used for gaming computers, in which those who wish to play PC games can get the highest quality and faster speeds. This is a big revenue stream for chip makers, with the rise of games like Fortnite and the emergence of competitive gaming. Spending on PC Gaming machines is expected to increase by $45 billion over the next 3 years. Thus, with chips such a vital part of their construction, it suggests a parallel rise in graphics cards demand. [6]
Data Centres
A data centre is a building used to house computer systems and associated components, such as storage systems and telecommunications.
Chips are required for supercomputing, allowing for accelerated workloads in data centres. Powering efficiency in the machine and deep learning, AI, data analytics and security – all of which are relevant and key themes in today’s market. Information edges, using data to advance and gain competitive advantages, and with machine learning having multiple applications in a vast array of industries.
As you can imagine storing and processing so much information requires a lot of processing power, hence Chip makers supply their products to these centres in an abundance, a hugely profitable segment for chipmakers.
The Industry Dynamics
Chips are troublesome to manufacture, as they require complex manufacturing processes and high levels of industry talent. This talent is focused largely in Taiwan, South Korea, and the USA. Hence, China is highly reliant on the US for chips for their technological products. Former USA president, Donald Trump, used this as a weapon in the US-China trade war. He has stopped Chips being exported to China, and thus China has had to halt its mobile device productions due to not having the vital chip component.
The Industry also has very high barriers to entry, with such rampant innovation chip makers burn through cash extensively, hence start-up costs could cost billions of dollars. Furthermore, Moore’s Law is the observation that the size of a chip can be halved every year, based on a historical trend. So for context, by the time you set up a company and make your first chip, the size of other market leaders chips would not only be smaller but more advanced due to the momentum of intensive R&D from competitors. Although chip-making is undoubtedly a growing industry and a market which rewards those who innovate.
Looking more specifically at the companies within the industry. The big players and most well-known are Intel, AMD, and NVIDIA. Intel failed to innovate and got complacent as the market leader, this allowed NVIDIA and AMD to eat up market share. Now, Intel is considering shutting down its chip-making division, with its hardware chief recently resigning.
The Companies
Nvidia
Nvidia is one of the fastest-growing companies in the Chip space. With market-leading brand loyalty and recognition in the AI and gaming space. NVIDIA released a new gaming chip at the back end of 2020 known as the “3000 series”, twice as powerful as their current graphics card. Such releases often act as a catalyst to them beating their earnings estimates and ultimately pushing up their share price.
AMD
AMD supplies Chips for both Xbox and PlayStation, with both recently releasing new products. AMD is somewhat in Nvidia’s shadow but is slowly emerging as a dominant player. Their growth is predominantly due to their CEO Lisa Su, the very embodiment of transformational leadership. Her R&D focus has allowed the company to flourish. AMD is starting to imitate the success of NVIDIA – hence suggesting their share price will also start to imitate NVIDIA, with AMD’s price rising by 54% off largely unimpressive Q2 earning results, making me very bullish on future earning catalysts.
Intel
Intel was once the outright dominant player in the chip industry. However, the curse with being the best and first is a lack of hunger. The company’s inability to continue innovating was their downfall allowing them to lose the market cap and most importantly brand loyalty and recognition to NVIDIA and AMD. As of late, Intel has suffered alarming drops in their share price and a loss of a big deal in which they supplied Apple the chips for their devices. However, Intel’s endeavours in the chip space are far from redundant, but through research, I find AMD and NVIDIA have a nimble like curiosity to push the boundaries and expectations that I fail to see from Intel, sadly this may be a case of a company being too big and too diversified in different industries.
The industry seems a good long-term investment. The index Philadelphia Soxx is composed of companies primarily involved in the Chip industry. I have been watching it for some time, and the index has rallied 64% since the low’s of March – essentially tech advancement would have to stop to halt the growth of this industry. Its’ applications are boundless, from the automated checkout tills I use to get my Tesco meal deal on the way to University, to the device you're reading this article from. Hence, such aggressive trends to tech usage suggest that the Chip industry is yet to reach its full birth.
